~~man - N ~~
~~froy - N~~
der - D
~~hoyz - N~~
zay - PN
ir - PN
undze - PN
ayer - PN
zeyer - PN
ikh - PN
mikh - PN
mir - PN
du - PN
dir - PN
dikh - PN
er - PN
im - PN
zi - PN
zey - PN
dem - D
dos - PN
der - PN
di - PN
redn - V
leyen - V - read
yogn - V
~~hunt - N~~
~~kind - N~~
ze - V - see



Not Handled

zing - V
ken - AV
hob - AV
vel - AV



#Rest of the NP


#Constituent Structure: Determiner - Adj - Noun

Ikh  fregn gute frages.

I ask good questions.

Ikh fregn frages gute.

*I ask questions good.

Ikh fregn gute frage.

I ask a good question.

Ikh fregn gute  

*I ask good question a.

Du fregn 

You ask the good question.

Du fregn 

*You ask the question good.





<example>
 <line>ix hob gezen dem epl</line>
 <line>I have seen the apple</line>
 <line>"I saw the apple"</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>ix bin arayn +gekumen</line>
 <line>I am in+came</line>
 <line>"I came in"</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>er hot moyxl +geven (periphrastic verb)</line>
 <line>he has moyxl+been</line>
 <line>"He forgave"</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>zi hot en+efn+ geton di oygn              (stem construction)</line>
 <line>she has an open done the eyes</line>
 <line>"She suddenly opened her eyes"</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>80)      ix bin néxtn gekúmen</line>
 <line>I am yesterday came</line>
 <line>"I came yesterday"</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>81)      Ix bin aráyn+gekùmen</line>
 <line>I am in-came</line>
 <line>"I came in"</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>83)      *hot zayn tate raxmones af im gehat</line>
 <line>has his father pity on him had</line>
 <line>"so his father had pity on him"</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>84)              zi hot en efn geton di oygn (stem construction)</line>
 <line>she has an open done the eyes</line>
 <line>"She suddenly opened her eyes"</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>85)     a)       ix kumv [arayn tv ]               (particle)</line>
 <line>I come in</line>
 <line>"I come in"</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>b)       zi vertv [nitsl tv ]              (periphrastic)</line>
 <line>she becomes rescued</line>
 <line>"She is rescued"</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>c)       gibv [a kuk tv ]                  (stem construction)</line>
 <line>Give a look!</line>
 <line>"take a look"</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>dos hot Leyb gezen Eriken</line>
 <line>that has L. seen E.:ACC</line>
 <line>`It's Leyb who saw Erika.'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>es hot Leyb gezen Eriken</line>
 <line>it has L. seen E.:ACC</line>
 <line>`It happened that Leyb saw Erika.'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(26)   a. Leyb hot gezen Eriken</line>
 <line>L. has seen E.:ACC</line>
 <line>`(It's) Leyb (who) saw Erika.'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>Eriken hot Leyb gezen</line>
 <line>E.:ACC has L. seen</line>
 <line>`It's Erika that Leyb saw.'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>a.     Tsi reykhert Miryam?</line>
 <line>whether smokes Miryam</line>
 <line>`Does Miryam smoke?'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>b.     Shmuel hot mikh gefregt, tsi   Miryam reykhert.</line>
 <line>Shmuel has me asked whether Miryam smokes</line>
 <line>`Shmuel asked me whether Miryam smokes.'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(1) di froy vos (zi) kumt aher</line>
 <line>the woman VOS (she) comes here</line>
 <line>`the woman who comes here'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(2) di froy vos ikh geb ir a buk h</line>
 <line>the woman VOS I give her a book</line>
 <line>`the woman to whom I'm giving a book'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>si scho jn gebetn, as si sol           chassene hobn. (Landmann 302)</line>
 <line>her already asked,      that she should marry</line>
 <line>hundred times to marry.'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>der yid vos shabes bay nakht vet Khayim zen</line>
 <line>the man thatSabbath at nigh will Chaim                 see</line>
 <line>`the man that Chaim will see on Friday night'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>b. oyfn veg       vet              dos yingl         zen    a kats</line>
 <line>on-the way     will             the boy           see    a cat</line>
 <line>The boy will see a cat on the way'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(25) a. az        oyfn veg                 vet   dos yingl         zen      a kats</line>
 <line>that      on-the way               will the boy            see      a cat</line>
 <line>that the boy will see a cat on the way'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>b. nokh epes, vos oyfn hitl iz geven</line>
 <line>still something that on-the hat-DIMIN is been</line>
 <line>something else that was on the little hat'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>c. ...ober der yid vos in Boston hobn mir gezen iz a groyser lamd</line>
 <line>...but the man whom in Boston have we seen is a great scholar.</line>
 <line>but the man we saw in Boston is a great scholar'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>c. Zey hobn gemeynt, az gefinen veln zey im ba mir</line>
 <line>they have thought that find will they it on me</line>
 <line>They thought that they would find it on me'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(37) a. Avrom hot Soreni gegebn ti a matone.</line>
 <line>Avrom has Sore given a present</line>
 <line>Avrom gave Sore a present'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(75) a. hot der yidisher zelner oyfgehoybn dem biks un...</line>
 <line>has the Jewish soldier up-lifted the gun and...</line>
 <line>so the Jewish soldier took his gun and...'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>b. Iz er gegangen in shtot</line>
 <line>is he gone to town</line>
 <line>so he went to town'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>in vald. shteyt er in vald, un vart...</line>
 <line>into the woods, stands he in the woods, and waits...</line>
 <line>there and waited...'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(i)          Ick bin do, iz er dortn</line>
 <line>I am here, is he there</line>
 <line>I am here, therefore he is there'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(ii).        Zey hobn beyde gehat gedint in soldatn, hobn zey gekent shisn</line>
 <line>they have both had served in soldiers have they been-able shoot</line>
 <line>They had both served as soldiers, so they knew how to shoot'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(56)    a.    Ikh bin arayngegangen     un er iz aroysgegangen</line>
 <line>I am in-gone              and he is out-gone</line>
 <line>I walked in and he walked out'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>b.    ikh bin arayngegangen,     iz er aroysgegangen</line>
 <line>I am in-gone,              is he out-gone</line>
 <line>I walked in, so he walked out'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(57)    a.    Ick bin do, iz er dortn.</line>
 <line>I am here is he there</line>
 <line>I am here, so he is there.'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(58)          Mayn tate iz geshtorben. Bin ikh geblibn aleyn</line>
 <line>my father has died was I stayed alone</line>
 <line>My father has died. So I was left alone'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(59)    a.    Haynt iz yontev. (*Es) geyn mentshn.</line>
 <line>today is holiday walk people</line>
 <line>Today is a holiday. So people are walking'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(60)          Er hot gezen Maxn?</line>
 <line>he has seen Max</line>
 <line>Has he seen Max?'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(61)    a.    Hot er gezen Maxn?</line>
 <line>has he seen Max</line>
 <line>Has he seen Max?</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>b.    Tsi hot er gezen Maxn?</line>
 <line>Q has he seen Max</line>
 <line>Has he seen Max?'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(62)           *Tsi er hot gezen Maxn?</line>
 <line>Q he has seen Max</line>
 <line>Has he seen Max?'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(17)a. John bedoyert az zayn bukh hob ikh geleyent.</line>
 <line>John regrets that his book have I read.</line>
 <line>'John regrets that I have read his book.'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>b. Ikh veys nit far vos in tsimer iz di ku geshtanen.</line>
 <line>I know not for what in room is the cow stood.</line>
 <line>'I don't know why the cow has stood in the room.'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>c. Ikh veys nit tsi in tsimer iz di ku geshtanen.</line>
 <line>I know not if in room is the cow stood.</line>
 <line>'I don't know if the cow has stood in the room.'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>leyenen?</line>
 <line>read?</line>
 <line>'What didn't he want to the children to read in school?'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(20)a. *Ikh veys nit vu nekhtn iz di ku geshtanen.</line>
 <line>I know not where yesterday is the cow stood.</line>
 <line>'I don't know where the cow stood yesterday.'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>b. *Ikh veys nit ven zayn khaver hot Moyshe getrofn.</line>
 <line>I know not when his friend has M.        met.</line>
 <line>'I don't know when M. met his friend.'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>c. *Ikh veys nit (far) vemen zayn khaver hot Moyshe forgeshtelt.</line>
 <line>I know not (to) whom his friend has M.          introduced.</line>
 <line>'I don't know who M. has introduced his friend to.'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(21)a.     Zi iz gekumen zen ver frier vet kontshen.</line>
 <line>She is come see who earlier will finish.</line>
 <line>'She has come to see who will finish earlier.'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(22)a. nokh epes,      vos oyfn hitl      iz geven</line>
 <line>still something, that on the hat-DIM is been</line>
 <line>'something else that was on the little hat'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>b. *Der yid vos in Boston hobn mir gezen iz a groyser lamdn.</line>
 <line>The man that in Boston have we seen is a great scholar.</line>
 <line>'The man whom we saw in Boston is a great scholar.'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(23) der yid vos in Boston hobn mir im gezen</line>
 <line>the man that in Boston have we him seen</line>
 <line>'the man that we saw (him) in Boston'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(102) Yankl vil nit khasene hobn mit a norveger196                Yiddish</line>
 <line>Yankl wants neg marry with a Norwegian</line>
 <line>`Yankl doesn't want to marry a Norwegian'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(108) On gornit                                                                     Yiddish</line>
 <line>Without n-thing</line>
 <line>`Without anything'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>(112) a.      Kuk!                                                               Yiddish</line>
 <line>Look</line>
 <line>`Look!'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>Ver hot er moyre (*az) vet kumen?</line>
 <line>who has he fear (*that) will come</line>
 <line>'Who is he afraid will come?'   (Diesing 1990, 75)</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>b. veysn/*visn/*veyst veyst er gornit.</line>
 <line>know knows he nothing</line>
 <line>'As for knowing, he knows nothing.'</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>Farvos host du mikh damols geshmisn?</line>
 <line>Why have you me then       hit?</line>
 <line>"Why did you hit me then?"</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>Un er ken di mayse beser dertseyln.</line>
 <line>And he can the story better tell.</line>
 <line>"And he can tell the story better."</line>
</example>
<example>
 <line>di kinder leyenen?</line>
 <line>the-PL child-PL    read-INF</line>
 <line>`What did he not want the children to read at school?'</line>
</example>